An orphan disease is defined as a condition that affects fewer than 400,000 people worldwide. However, some diseases have patient populations of fewer than 100. This includes diseases as familiar as cystic fibrosis, Lou Gehrig's disease, and Tourette's syndrome, along with less well-known ones like Carpa, Hamburger disease, and acromegaly. New rare diseases are discovered each year.
Most conditions are inherited and caused by mutations or defects in genes, while others can be acquired through environmental or toxic factors. Genes, which are segments of DNA, constitute the instructions that determine the traits and characteristics of all living organisms. Each human cell contains about 30,000 genes. Genes can influence features such as eye and hair color, and they can also play a role in the development of diseases and their transmission from parent to child.
CARPA is an "orphan disease" that has no treatment, medication, or cure.